#252 - GPT 5.6, Grok 4.5, Nemotron-Labs-Diffusion, AI 2040
Last Week in AI
Jul 15
#252 - GPT 5.6, Grok 4.5, Nemotron-Labs-Diffusion, AI 2040
#252 - GPT 5.6, Grok 4.5, Nemotron-Labs-Diffusion, AI 2040

Last Week in AI
Jul 15
Shownote
Shownote
Our 252th episode with a summary and discussion of last week's big AI news!
Recorded on 07/11/2026
Hosted by Andrey Kurenkov [https://twitter.com/andrey_kurenkov] and Jeremie
Harris [https://www.linkedin.com/in/jeremieharris/]
Feel free to email us your questions and feedback at andreyvkurenkov@gmail.com
and/or hello@gladstone.ai [hello@gladstone.ai]
Read out our text newsletter and comment on the podcast at
https://lastweekin.ai/ [https://lastweekin.ai/]
In this episode:
* OpenAI publicly rolled out GPT-5.6 (including Sol and Luna) and rebranded its
desktop agentic coding product as ChatGPT Work, amid disputed claims about
whether the US government effectively green-lit and delayed the release and
concerns about inconsistent, ad hoc frontier-model oversight and
jailbreakability.
* New model releases intensified pricing and capability competition: SpaceX
AI’s Grok 4.5 launched as a very low-cost, Opus-class coding model with
minimal safety documentation, while Meta released Muse Spark 1.1 with
aggressive pricing, large coding/cyber benchmark gains, and a lengthy safety
evaluation.
* Meta also previewed Muse Video and rolled out Muse Image before quickly
backtracking after backlash over easy generation of images of public
Instagram accounts; separately, Chinese open-source models grew to over 30%
of weekly OpenRouter tokens as cost pressure increased, alongside discussion
of risks like potential insider threats.
* Infrastructure, policy, and safety developments included Meta exploring
selling AI compute as a cloud business, US energy regulators pressing grid
operators on large-load data-center connections, Anthropic publishing a
“global workspace” interpretability method for verbalizable internal
representations, reports that China may restrict overseas access to top
models, and AI 2040 proposing US–China coordination to slow progress until
alignment improves.
Timestamps (note - these don't take into account dynamically inserted ads and
therefore may be off by a couple of minutes):
* (00:00:10) Intro / Banter
* (00:01:33) News Preview
* Tools & Apps
* (00:02:03) OpenAI rolls out GPT-5.6 after government greenlight — and
announces ‘ChatGPT Work’ | The Verge
[https://www.theverge.com/ai-artificial-intelligence/963464/openai-gpt-5-6-codex-chatgpt-work]
+ The new ChatGPT superapp takes aim at Claude Desktop
[https://www.pcworld.com/article/3188176/the-new-chatgpt-superapp-takes-aim-at-claude-desktop.html]
+ OpenAI is shutting down its Atlas web browser
[https://mashable.com/tech/openai-shut-down-atlas-browser] + OpenAI’s latest
AI model likely has similar cyber vulnerabilities to one that led to U.S.
export controls on Anthropic’s Fable, British agency says
[https://fortune.com/2026/07/10/openai-gpt-5-6-sol-jailbreaks-cyber-attacks-similar-to-security-flaw-that-led-u-s-government-to-force-anthropic-to-disable-fable-5/]
* (00:15:41) SpaceXAI, Cursor Launch Grok 4.5 AI Model for Finance, Legal
Applications - Bloomberg
[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-07-08/spacexai-cursor-unveil-grok-ai-model-for-legal-finance-tasks]
+ SpaceXAI’s Grok 4.5 Undercuts Anthropic and OpenAI on Coding Agent Pricing
[https://devops.com/spacexais-grok-4-5-undercuts-anthropic-and-openai-on-coding-agent-pricing/]
* (00:20:29) Meta says its new AI model is ready to compete on coding | The
Verge
[https://www.theverge.com/ai-artificial-intelligence/963193/meta-muse-spark-model-api]
* (00:27:21) Introducing Muse Image and Muse Video
[https://ai.meta.com/blog/introducing-muse-image-muse-video-msl/] +
https://www.nytimes.com/2026/07/10/technology/meta-muse-images-instagram-removal.html
[https://www.nytimes.com/2026/07/10/technology/meta-muse-images-instagram-removal.html]
* (00:29:01) Chinese AI models gain ground with U.S. companies as costs surge
[https://www.cnbc.com/2026/07/07/chinese-ai-models-costs-us-openai-anthropic.html]
+Anthropic and OpenAI Face a New Threat from China
[https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2026-07-08/anthropic-and-openai-face-a-new-threat-from-cheap-chinese-ai]
* Applications & Business
* (00:35:21) Meta Is Planning a Cloud Business to Sell AI Computing Power -
Bloomberg
[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-07-01/meta-is-building-a-cloud-business-to-sell-excess-ai-compute]
* (00:46:32) US energy regulator sets ultimatum for data centres
[https://www.ft.com/content/5055a170-69d9-4eb6-ad93-be953bbad263?syn-25a6b1a6=1&shem=isphe,]
+ Grid operator PJM orders emergency steps to avoid large-scale US power
outages
[https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/grid-operator-pjm-orders-emergency-steps-avoid-large-scale-us-power-outages-2026-07-02/?shem=isphe,]
* Projects & Open Source
* (00:51:40) Nemotron-Labs-Diffusion: A Tri-Mode Language Model Unifying
Autoregressive, Diffusion, and Self-Speculation Decoding
[https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.05722]
* (00:57:44) Tencent Releases Hy3: An Open 295B Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) Model
with 21B Active Parameters and 256K Context - MarkTechPost
[https://www.marktechpost.com/2026/07/06/tencent-releases-hy3-open-295b-moe-model/]
* Policy & Safety
* (00:58:30) Verbalizable Representations Form a Global Workspace in Language
Models [https://transformer-circuits.pub/2026/workspace/index.html]
* (01:09:29) Beijing is looking at curbing overseas access to China's top AI
models, sources say
[https://www.reuters.com/world/beijing-is-looking-curbing-overseas-access-chinas-top-ai-models-sources-say-2026-07-07/]
* (01:12:53) The ex-OpenAI employee behind ‘AI 2027’ recommends a rosier path -
The Washington Post
[https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2026/07/09/ex-openai-employee-behind-ai-2027-has-new-peppier-prediction/]
+ AI 2040: Plan A [https://ai-2040.com/]
See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy [https://art19.com/privacy] and
California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info
[https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info].
Highlights
Highlights
This episode covers a busy week in AI, featuring the rollout of GPT-5.6, new competitive models from SpaceXAI and Meta, and significant policy and safety discussions. The hosts analyze the implications of these developments, including pricing wars, regulatory inconsistencies, and emerging risks from Chinese open-source models.
Chapters
Chapters
Intro / Banter
00:00News Preview
01:33Tools & Apps
OpenAI rolls out GPT-5.6 after government greenlight — and announces ‘ChatGPT Work’ | The Verge + The new ChatGPT superapp takes aim at Claude Desktop + OpenAI is shutting down its Atlas web browser + OpenAI’s latest AI model likely has similar cyber vulnerabilities to one that led to U.S. export controls on Anthropic’s Fable, British agency says
02:03SpaceXAI, Cursor Launch Grok 4.5 AI Model for Finance, Legal Applications - Bloomberg + SpaceXAI’s Grok 4.5 Undercuts Anthropic and OpenAI on Coding Agent Pricing
15:41Meta says its new AI model is ready to compete on coding | The Verge
20:29Introducing Muse Image and Muse Video + https://www.nytimes.com/2026/07/10/technology/meta-muse-images-instagram-removal.html
27:21Chinese AI models gain ground with U.S. companies as costs surge + Anthropic and OpenAI Face a New Threat from China
29:01Applications & Business
Meta Is Planning a Cloud Business to Sell AI Computing Power - Bloomberg
35:21US energy regulator sets ultimatum for data centres + Grid operator PJM orders emergency steps to avoid large-scale US power outages
46:32Projects & Open Source
Nemotron-Labs-Diffusion: A Tri-Mode Language Model Unifying Autoregressive, Diffusion, and Self-Speculation Decoding
51:40Tencent Releases Hy3: An Open 295B Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) Model with 21B Active Parameters and 256K Context - MarkTechPost
57:44Policy & Safety
Verbalizable Representations Form a Global Workspace in Language Models
58:30Beijing is looking at curbing overseas access to China's top AI models, sources say
1:09:29The ex-OpenAI employee behind ‘AI 2027’ recommends a rosier path - The Washington Post + AI 2040: Plan A
1:12:53Transcript
Transcript
Andrey Kurenkov: Hello, and welcome to the Last Week in AI podcast, where you can hear and chat about what's going on with AI. As usual, in this episode, we will summarize and discuss some of last week's most interesting AI news. I'm one of your regular co...
