The conversation begins with the mathematician reflecting on winning the Fields Medal for his contributions to Hilbert's sixth problem, which bridges the gap between microscopic particle behavior and macroscopic fluid equations. He explains how his work uses probability to simplify the study of complex, random systems by focusing on typical outcomes rather than rare exceptions. Looking ahead, he discusses his current research on randomness propagation and critical problems in partial differential equations and quantum field theory. He expresses cautious optimism about AI, sharing a personal anecdote where GPT helped prove a lemma, and views AI as a powerful collaborator that will enable mathematicians to solve previously intractable problems. He outlines two major future research directions: a long-standing global Poisson problem and progress in constructing infinite-dimensional measures for quantum field theories like Yang-Mills, acknowledging the immense difficulty but feeling that with AI, nothing seems impossible.