Had Ada Palmer back on – this time to talk about Machiavelli, perhaps the most misunderstood thinker of all time. Machiavelli cut his teeth as a high-level diplomat for Florence, a position from which he got to closely observe the most important rulers in Europe at the time, including the ones who were on the path to destroying his dearly beloved Florence. In 1513 the Medici retook control of Florence and, wrongly suspecting Machiavelli of participating in a coup attempt, fired, tortured, and exiled him. Machiavelli could have left exile and worked for any number of different principalities that would have been eager to make use of his talents. Instead, he decided to rot in the countryside and compile his career’s lessons about power, politics, and human nature into a book he dedicated to the very man whose new regime had tortured and exiled him, Lorenzo di Piero de’ Medici. But at least the Medici were in a position to use his insights to defend Florence. Machiavelli the patriot did not want any other hands to touch these books, because those hands, armed further with these lessons, might pose an existential danger to Florence. The closest modern analogy, at least as Machiavelli would have seen it, would be Szilard’s letter warning FDR about the possibility of a nuclear fission bomb. What were those insights? And how were they inspired by Machiavelli’s dangerous diplomatic missions all across Europe, and his extensive reading of antiquity? Watch this episode with Ada Palmer to find out! By the way, Ada is launching a new podcast which I’m very excited about. The first season will be about Machiavelli - a perfect way to dive deeper into the topics we discussed in this episode. Subscribe at Beforecast’s [https://beforecast-seven.vercel.app/] website to be notified of the first episode, subscribe on YouTube [https://www.youtube.com/@Beforecast], follow her on Patreon [https://www.patreon.com/adapalmer], and if you want even more Ada, check out her FixTheNews [https://savingtheworldpod.transistor.fm/] Podcast episode, and check out her books and more [https://www.adapalmer.com/]. Watch on YouTube [https://youtu.be/U1FrhkLQnCI]; read the transcript [https://www.dwarkesh.com/p/ada-palmer-2]. Sponsors * Cursor [https://cursor.com/dwarkesh] recently saved one of my podcast recordings. When a video file from a shoot came out corrupted, I pointed Cursor at it: it recovered the footage on its own, tracking down the right reference file from the file’s metadata and realigning the out-of-sync audio. My whole team now uses Cursor for everyday tasks, not just coding. Get started at https://cursor.com/dwarkeshcursor.com/dwarkesh [http://cursor.com/dwarkesh] * Jane Street [https://janestreet.com/dwarkesh]’s hiring process has been going viral on Twitter lately. The memes are pretty funny, but I wanted to see what their interviews were actually like. So I had Ricson, one of Jane Street’s ML researchers, walk me through a retired puzzle: he gave me an image dataset where 50% of the files had been corrupted – I had to figure out how to recover them. If you’re interested in these sorts of puzzles, you can find Jane Street’s open roles at janestreet.com/dwarkesh [https://janestreet.com/dwarkesh] * Crusoe [https://crusoe.ai/dwarkesh] is turning the AI datacenter buildout into an industrial process. At their massive Colorado factory, they assemble Spark units, modular datacenters with power, cooling, and fire suppression built in. They also manufacture specific components in-house to skip the longest lead times. Crusoe has experience running these Spark units on a range of energy sources, including solar and used EV batteries, ensuring they don’t get bottlenecked by grid availability. Learn more at https://crusoe.ai/dwarkeshcrusoe.ai/dwarkesh [http://crusoe.ai/dwarkesh] Timestamps (00:00:00) – How Florence bargained with Cesare Borgia for survival (00:15:08) – Machiavelli’s analytical innovations (00:23:58) – Why popes became warlords (00:36:13) – Why the common people demanded nepotism (00:47:57) – Cesare Borgia brought terror to rulers and justice to the people (00:57:55) – Art as a proxy for war (01:06:41) – Florence, a city famous in hell (01:15:57) – The Prince was a job application to Machiavelli’s torturers (01:41:39) – During the Renaissance, original ideas had to be couched in antiquity (01:50:44) – Why copyright began with the Inquisition (02:02:12) – Machiavelli wasn’t Machiavellian Get full access to Dwarkesh Podcast at www.dwarkesh.com/subscribe [https://www.dwarkesh.com/subscribe?utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=CTA_4]