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#468 – Janna Levin: Black Holes, Wormholes, Aliens, Paradoxes & Extra Dimensions

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#468 – Janna Levin: Black Holes, Wormholes, Aliens, Paradoxes & Extra Dimensions

Lex Fridman Podcast

May 05
Lex Fridman Podcast

Lex Fridman Podcast

May 05
OverviewShownoteHighlightsTranscriptChaptersPins

Shownote

Janna Levin is a theoretical physicist and cosmologist specializing in black holes, cosmology of extra dimensions, topology of the universe, and gravitational waves. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep468-sc See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/janna-levin-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Janna's X: https://x.com/JannaLevin Janna's Website: https://jannalevin.com Janna's Instagram: https://instagram.com/jannalevin Janna's Substack: https://substack.com/@jannalevin Black Hole Survival Guide (book): https://amzn.to/3YkJzT5 Black Hole Blues (book): https://amzn.to/42Nw7IE How the Universe Got Its Spots (book): https://amzn.to/4m5De8k A Madman Dreams of Turing Machines (book): https://amzn.to/3GGakvd SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Brain.fm: Music for focus. Go to https://brain.fm/lex BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://betterhelp.com/lex NetSuite: Business management software. Go to http://netsuite.com/lex Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://shopify.com/lex AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drink. Go to https://drinkag1.com/lex OUTLINE: (00:00) - Introduction (00:51) - Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections (09:21) - Black holes (16:55) - Formation of black holes (27:45) - Oppenheimer and the Atomic Bomb (34:08) - Inside the black hole (47:10) - Supermassive black holes (50:39) - Physics of spacetime (53:42) - General relativity (59:13) - Gravity (1:15:47) - Information paradox (1:24:17) - Fuzzballs & soft hair (1:27:28) - ER = EPR (1:34:07) - Firewall (1:42:59) - Extra dimensions (1:45:24) - Aliens (2:01:00) - Wormholes (2:11:57) - Dark matter and dark energy (2:22:00) - Gravitational waves (2:34:08) - Alan Turing and Kurt Godel (2:46:23) - Grigori Perelman, Andrew Wiles, and Terence Tao (2:52:58) - Art and science (3:02:37) - The biggest mystery PODCAST LINKS: - Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast - Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr - Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 - RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ - Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 - Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips

Highlights

Janna Levin, a renowned theoretical physicist and cosmologist, delves into the mysteries of black holes, spacetime, and the universe's fundamental nature. Her insights bridge complex scientific concepts with accessible narratives, offering listeners a deeper understanding of cosmic phenomena.
00:00
Janna Levin explores complex physics concepts in her books.
04:24
Reading original works offers deeper understanding than summaries.
15:29
Quantum mechanics must be considered near the singularity of a black hole.
22:58
Oppenheimer's 1939 paper predicted black holes as the end-state of gravitational collapse.
27:45
Most physicists today oppose nuclear proliferation.
43:04
Crossing the event horizon may be unnoticeable for larger black holes.
47:10
Supermassive black holes likely formed through direct collapse of primordial stuff.
53:37
Using different rules is essential for getting the correct answer in spacetime calculations.
56:46
Einstein deduced that space and time must be malleable to keep the speed of light constant.
1:14:28
Black holes share similarities with microscopic particles, offering profound insights into fundamental laws of physics.
1:19:01
Black holes steal virtual particles from the vacuum, causing them to evaporate.
1:24:17
Fuzzballs propose black holes as horizonless, complex objects without information loss.
1:27:28
ER = EPR posits a connection between quantum entanglement and spacetime geometry via wormholes.
1:34:18
The firewall hypothesis suggests a highly energetic 'firewall' at the event horizon.
1:42:59
Extra dimensions could trap quantum energies related to dark energy and matter.
1:55:11
Extraterrestrial life may process information differently, creating local pockets of low entropy.
2:04:14
Quantum energies and exotic matter may prop up wormholes.
2:14:55
The Higgs field might explain dark energy, focusing on its role rather than the particle.
2:24:34
Gravitational waves can travel long distances with little interference.
2:41:15
What makes one great can also lead to downfall.
2:46:27
Perelman turned down major awards after proving the Poincaré conjecture.
3:01:52
Books can powerfully impact culture and human dynamics.
3:05:39
It's good to focus on creating something beautiful before it's gone.

Chapters

Introduction
00:00
Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
00:51
Black holes
09:21
Formation of black holes
16:55
Oppenheimer and the Atomic Bomb
27:45
Inside the black hole
34:08
Supermassive black holes
47:10
Physics of spacetime
50:39
General relativity
53:42
Gravity
59:13
Information paradox
1:15:47
Fuzzballs & soft hair
1:24:17
ER = EPR
1:27:28
Firewall
1:34:07
Extra dimensions
1:42:59
Aliens
1:45:24
Wormholes
2:01:00
Dark matter and dark energy
2:11:57
Gravitational waves
2:22:00
Alan Turing and Kurt Godel
2:34:08
Grigori Perelman, Andrew Wiles, and Terence Tao
2:46:23
Art and science
2:52:58
The biggest mystery
3:02:37

Transcript

Lex Fridman: The following is a conversation with Janna Levin, a theoretical physicist and cosmologist specializing in black holes, cosmology of extra dimensions, topology of the universe, and gravitational waves in space-time. She has also written some in...